The naxalite maoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict between maoist groups known as naxalites or naxals, and the indian government supported by rightwing paramilitaries. The members of the revolutionary movement are mostly tribals and peasants who believe they win the war against government through war. The insurgency started after the 2004 formation of the cpi maoists a rebel group consisting of the pwg peoples war group an. Communist rebels gain strength in rural indiaap, dec.
Student memories of the naxalite movement in calcutta ronojoy sen 5. Insurgency, counter insurgency, and democracy in central india nandini sundar the naxalite movement began in india in the late 1960s as a peasant struggle in naxalbari, west bengal, hence the name naxalite. During the decadelong conflict, photographs of young insurgent women holding guns were prominently displayed in international maoist publications and on the communist party of nepal maoist, now the unified communist party of nepal maoist ucpnm website. Maoist rebels spread across rural indiachristian science monitor, august 22, 2006. More broadly, the termoften given as naxalism or the naxal movementhas been applied to the communist insurgency itself. The fighting started after a group of maoists attacked a police station in gadchiroli. The book also questions the efficacy and legitimacy of maoist violence as a political tool by arguing that violence obstructs the basic participatory ethos, given the sensibilities that democracy creates, and, therefore, maoist violence can be seen sometimes as obstructionist rather than. Clearly guerrilla operations are an important component of revolutionary war, but the underlying principle and fundamental objective is social revolution. Nightmarch by alpa shah among indias maoist guerrillas books. I come from indias one of the most maoist effected area gayajehanabad belt. The maoist insurgency in turkey, also known as the peoples war in turkey turkish.
It was only recently, when red dirt reports marie mentesana wrote a story out of the city of nellore, in. Their origin can be traced when the communist party of india marxist split in 1967, leading to the creation of the communist party of india marxistleninist. This perspective is blind to the history, ideology, and actual practices of the maoists. It represented the revolutionary stream of indian marxism which did not believe that parliamentary democracy would lead to the requisite. In 2009 they notched more than 800 fatalities, making them perhaps the nations gravest internal security threat, as prime minister manmohan singh said in september. The political crisis in nepal and the maoist insurgency openedition. Participants pick their side as i remain neutral to save my ass. The naxalite maoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict between maoist groups, known as naxalites or naxals, and the indian government. Its difficult to make sense of the tactical decisions made by ho chi minh and general vo nguyen giap during the indochina wars without understanding. Communist party of india maoist led by nambala keshava rao result of the september 2004 merger of the maoist communist centre of india m. The naxalite insurgency numbering around 20,000 armed fighters with 50,000 supporters has spread over 40 percent of indias land area, encompassing 20 of the countrys 28 states.
These insurgencies failed, having been successfully contained by their governments. The story behind the extraordinary rise of nepals maoists was poorly. On 8 october 2009 at least 17 members of the indian police, including a top commander, were killed in an ambush attack by maoist rebels in maharashtra. The maoist insurgency in nepal and the political economy of violence avidit acharyay october 2009 abstract this paper studies the incidence of political violence associated with the maoist insurgency in nepal. At the moment and as this paper is being written, the government and the international community at large. Red storm rising indias intractable maoist insurgency janes intelligence weekly. Naxalitemaoist insurgency simple english wikipedia, the. The maoist insurgency in nepal and the political economy of. The naxalitemaoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict between maoist groups known as naxalites or naxals, and the indian government supported by rightwing paramilitaries. Unexpected consequences of everyday life during the maoist. The untold story of indias maoist movement by rahul pandita tranquebar 2011. What is the solution to the naxalitemaoist insurgency in. The growing influence of naxalites and gloriousluscious indian image delineate the dichotomy of indian.
But more than 40 years later, the naxalite rebels are still waging an deadly insurgency. The longest insurgency lifestyle news,the indian express. The bullet and the ballot box and millions of other books are available for amazon. The nepalese civil warthe maoist insurgencypeoples war in nepalwhat you call it depends on the assumptions you approach it withlasted ten years, from 1996 to 2006. Maoist insurgency must be viewed in the light of nepals history of communist movement. Naxalbari seemed likely to become little more than a footnote in indias history of rural revolts. In january 2005 talks between the andhra pradesh state government and the cpi. Revolution in the twentyfirst century routledge contemporary south asia series lawoti, mahendra, pahari, anup kumar on. Through a combination of rural development programs and hardline counterinsurgency tactics under the aegis of operation green hunt, the geographical spread of naxalviolence has been constrained to indias centraleastern states. He has contributed to books on the maoist insurgency and the nepali conflict in. Nested within this broad quantitative testing, the book then focuses on the. World heritage encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available. Nightmarch by alpa shah among indias maoist guerrillas politics books an anthropologists nuanced account of life with indias revolutionary movement, including her 250km trek.
This is an analysis of revolutions based on the maoist mode. Surprisingly, on the one hand, indian rulers realise the real causes of maoist uprising, but still accuse china of backing the maoist guerrilla warfare. Her many translations of modern chinese fiction into. Communist party of india marxistleninist red star led by k. Afghanistan maybe the most reported conflict in south asia but its neither the longest or biggest. It contextualizes and explains why and how a violent maoist insurgency grew in nepal after the end of the cold war, in contrast to the dec. The conflict in its present form began after the 2004 formation of the cpi maoist, a rebel group composed of the pwg peoples war group, and the mcc maoist communist centre. The communist party of iran marxistleninist maoist, persian. Nightmarch by alpa shah among indias maoist guerrillas. Naxalitemaoist insurgency acheter english books ex. June 2005 on 1st of february 2005, the king of nepal, gyanendra bikram shah, who came to the throne in june 2001 as a result of the massacre of the royal. Castenaxal massacre in bihar tests nitishs baseindian. The three stages of maos revolutionary warfare parallel. The maoist guerrilla leader was a creature of myth no one knew what he looked like, or in which mountain fastness he hid, or quite how he and his fighters, ragtag and illequipped, had managed to plunge this himalayan nation into a decadelong civil war that claimed,000 lives.
It is being fought between maoist groups, known as naxalites or naxals, and the indian government references. But our analysis demonstrates that it was comparatively shortlived and atypical. The maoist insurgency in india has its roots in a 1967 rural uprising in naxalbari, a village in west bengal, and in a simultaneous series of splits in the powerful indian communist party. The police response to naxalite activities has been uncoordinated, in part because more than six state police forces are involved. It is likely of the most value to scholars and academics, however any serious student of insurgency and guerrilla warfare would benefit from it. The insurgency declined in the late 80s and 1990s and has been sidelined by the larger kurdish separatist conflict. Maoist insurgency ever since the communist take over of china, maos style of grabbing absolute power developed an appeal. India plans allout attack on maoists asia times, sept. Indias maoist insurgents have a long, brutal history.
Timeline of the naxalitemaoist insurgency wikipedia. The nepalese civil war also known as the maoist conflict nepali. Naxalite, general designation given to several maoist oriented and militant insurgent and separatist groups that have operated intermittently in india since the mid1960s. In july 1967 an uprising of teaplantation workers led by maoist militants in naxalbari was brutally suppressed.
Police and indias maoist insurgency oxford scholarship. In a broad sense, naxalite movement is often termed as a social movement in india in the postindependence years. Travels in naxalite country by sudeep chakravarti penguin books india 2008. On 6 october 2009 the body of a policeman, kidnapped a week before by maoist rebels in jharkhand, was found. In order to show that maoist insurgency can be considered a blueprint for universal insurgency, one must show that it meets two conditions. Maoist insurgency warrants any kind of action may 25, 2010 3. How did the worlds strongest power america fail where third world governments have succeeded. Buy naxalite maoist insurgency online, free home delivery. Operation lalgarh, communist party of india, naxalite, timeline of the naxalitemaoist insurgency, varavara rao, jnaneswari express train derailment, gaddar, april 2010 maoist attack in dantewada, communist party of india peoples war, kobad ghandy, red corridor, kanu sanyal, operation green hunt, maoist communist centre of. Reflections of a onetime maoist activist sumanta banerjee 4.
The single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by india prime minister dr. In the very birthplace of buddha, peace has proven to be elusive. The naxalbari outbreak in 1967 and the subsequent insurgency in west bengal is generally agreed to be the central point in the history of maoist insurgency in india. It was a massive counterinsurgency undertaking by any standards. The political system is based on the interim constitution of nepal 2063 2007, with a. Saroj dutta project gutenberg selfpublishing ebooks. Indias longrunning classbased, economic insurgency the naxalite insurgency or community party of india cpi maoist insurgency is a case study in which external security partnerships will remain limited, if not mostly unwelcomed, in new delhi. Maoist insurgency spreadsrupee news, august 2, 2009. These insurgencies failed, having been successfully contain. In order to grasp the essence of naxalite maoist insurgencynaxalism, lets take into account the answers of the following questions. Origin and failure of the maoist revolutionary strategy in west bengal, 19671971, by sohail jawaid. Naxalbari seemed likely to become little more than a footnote in indias history of. Maoist insurgency in turkey also known as peoples war in turkey turkish. The nepali state and the dynamics of the maoist insurgency.
Although the peoples war was not the first armed struggle in nepal, it left a distinct mark in the history of armed struggle given its nature, volume and impact on nepalese politics. Naxalitemaoist insurgency wikimili, the best wikipedia. The communist party of india maoist is the largest existing political group in that lineage today in india the term naxal derives from the name of the village naxalbari in west bengal, where the. Rdr examines two books on growing naxalitemaoist movement in rural india. As judith pettigrew describes in these pages, more than,000 people were killed, oft en in brutal ways, and many more were maimed for life, physically, psychologically. Discusses the emergence, evolution of maoist naxal insurgency in india and explores the prospect of peace. If you want to know about naxalism firstly understand the terms like communism and communists, and then after these personalities 1. Naxalite maoist insurgency ebook in english by yking books. When there are no customers my shop acts like a debatediscussion centre. That honor goes to indias maoist insurgency which began in the nineteen sixties and shows no.
The maoists insurgents do not consider the indian electoral system to be democratic, but rather a tool that benefits the landlord and capitalist classes. The maoist peoples war that started on february, 1996 and officially ended on november 21, 2006 marked a catastrophic event in the history of nepal. Naxalitemaoist insurgency, naxal, naxal insurgency, naxal. The book deals with the dynamics and growth of a violent 21st century communist rebellion initiated in nepal by the communist party of nepal maoist cpnm. In india rampant rebellious and subversive activities of naxalites are casting slur upon the image of worlds biggest democracy. Half a century of indias maoist insurgency the diplomat. May 30, 2018 the naxalite insurgency, which was famously labelled as indias greatest internal security threat, has gradually been weakening in stature since 2010. In contrast to existing quantitative studies of the civil conflict in nepal, we argue that combinations of motive and opportunity were crucial for the development of the maoist insurgency and that these conditions stem largely from the nature of the nepali state. I take a crosssectional approach where the unit of analysis is the district, and dependent variable is total killings by state and maoists.
December 24, 2007 the sevenparty alliance has reached a 23point agreement. Chapter 9 insurgency, counterinsurgency, and democracy in. This raw aggression is known as naxalite or maoist insurgency. Sep 21, 2017 half a century of indias maoist insurgency. Indian paramilitary crpf maintains that those are members of the naxalite maoist insurgency group which had a camp in the jungles of east indian state of chattisgarh. Her two most recent books are the great wall and the opium war which won the 2012 jan michalski prize. Naxal insurgency in india causes, history, survival and. Indias bloody maoist insurgency began in the remote forests of the state of west bengal in the late 1960s. Nepal, with a population of approximately 29 million, is a federal democratic republic. A thinktank of indian americans said maoist insurgency is severe enough to warrant any kind of action and resources by the indian state.
This book provides an excellent if not definitive look at maoist insurgency since vietnam, including the insurgencies in peru shining path, sri lanka ltte, and others. Naxalite, general designation given to several maoistoriented and militant insurgent and separatist groups that have operated intermittently in india since the mid1960s. Maoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict between maoist groups, known as naxalites and the indian government. Apr 15, 2008 not so long ago, few in nepal believed pushpa kamal dahal actually existed. The conflict in its present form began after the 2004 formation of the cpi maoists, a rebel group composed of the pwg peoples war group, and the mcc maoist communist centre. In a broad sense, naxal movement is often termed as a social movement in india in the postindependence years. The naxalitemaoist insurgency in chattisgarh, india. The party is the iranian section of the revolutionary internationalist movement the party is continuation of sarbedaran movement and. Search on for missing policemen as many as 14 policemen were injured in the encounter took place on saturday near korajguda hills in chintagufa burkapal area when a joint team of security forces was out on an antinaxal operation.
Quotations from chairman mao tsetung by mao zedong, continuity and rupture. Many of the commitments in the new agreement have been made before. The naxalite maoist insurgency is an ongoing conflict 12 between maoist groups, known as naxalites or naxals, and the indian government. May 28, 2010 the maoist insurgency in india has its roots in a 1967 rural uprising in naxalbari, a village in west bengal, and in a simultaneous series of splits in the powerful indian communist party. India maoist rebels kill 22 troops in west bengalbbc, feb. The word naxal, naxalite or naksalvadi is a generic term used to refer to various militant communist groups operating in different parts of india under different organizational envelopes. Mcmaster has been cleaning house at the national security council recently. Two books examine the growing naxalitemaoist movement in. The naxalite insurgency, which was famously labelled as indias greatest internal security threat, has gradually been weakening in stature since 2010. In the eastern states of the mainland india jharkhand, west bengal and orissa, they are usually known as, or refer to themselves as maoists while in southern states like andhra pradesh they are known under. The naxalite maoist insurgency is an armed conflict in india. Chapter 9 insurgency, counterinsurgency, and democracy.
List of naxalite and maoist groups in india wikipedia. The communist movement in nepal that first appeared in 1949 after the formation of communist party of nepal under the leadership of late pushpa lal shrestha emerged as an intellectual opposition to nepali congresss. A history of the naxalite movement in india, by sumanta banerjee. In particular, last month he fired a protege of michael flynn named rich higgins for writing some kind of. Maoist insurgency in nepal from himal magazine, nepal news archives, and dr. Gp capt srinivas ganapathiraju, iaf the maoist movement in india started in the late 1950s as a peasant uprising in the wake of an independence struggle in naxalbari, a small village on the indonepal border, hence the name naxalism. Steeped in a history as old as the indian polity itself and after half a century of warring. The decadelong insurgency was characterized by two distinct dynamics. Indias leftwing naxalite insurgency has achieved a dramatic resurgence in the last decade, leading prime minister manmohan singh to declare it the single most important internal security threat facing india. In the early stages of the maoist movement, the government had termed the movement as an insurgency, condemned the cpnm as terrorists, and reacted with brutal force to suppress the movement. In various parts of the world, amongst the poorest countries, maoist wars have surfaced often and tried to overthrow the ruling tyrannies.
Although this book ends the description of events on 1993, it is useful to note, that as recently as march 2012 a naxalite commando from eastern maharashtra killed 15 policemen in an ambush and seized their weapons and this kind of incident is so realitvely common, that it didnt even make headlines in indian national newspapers. In september 2009, he also said the country was losing the battle against maoist rebel and added. The insurgency started after the 2004 formation of the cpimaoists a rebel group consisting of the pwg peoples war group and the mcc maoist communist centre. More broadly, the termoften given as naxalism or the naxal movementhas been applied to the communist insurgency itself the name naxalite is derived from the town of naxalbari naksalbari in far northern west bengal. Insurgency, counterinsurgency, and democracy in central india nandini sundar the naxalite movement began in india in the late 1960s as a peasant struggle in naxalbari, west bengal, hence the name naxalite. The insurgency started after the 2004 formation of the cpimaoists a rebel group comprising of the pwg peoples war group and the mcc maoist communist centre. At first glance, nepal appears to be idyllic, but there is strife brewing beneath the surface, and it is wearing a red star. Naxalite insurgency has become so popular that india is actively considering shifting 23 battalions of paramilitary forces from occupied kashmir to the maoist affected areas.
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